Oxford course – Online lectures – http://colorfulengineering.org/SCICOMP.html

Mostly Numerical methods, but also other Mathematical methods, such as Computer algebra

Linear algebra

Numerical linear algebra

Optimization

Differential Equations

Numerical methods for differential equations

Monte Carlo

Gentoo Science Overlay has a nice collection of scientific computing software

https://www.enthought.com/

http://scipy.org/

A gallery of interesting IPython Notebooks